The overall evaluation of a fleece or lock as based on handle, staple length, fineness, density, luster, and softness.

Conformation

The shape or contour of the alpaca, resulting from the appropriate arrangement, or balance, of all body parts.

Coverage

A North American breeder term for abundant fiber growth which occurs in areas other than the primary blanket, i.e., between the ears (cap) and on the lower legs.

Cria

(Cre-a) A baby alpaca. The word derives from the Spanish terms for creation and nursing.

Crimp

The even, corrugated wave formation in the staple (lock) of huacaya fiber.

Crinkle

The even, corrugated wave formation in a single fiber of huacaya fleece.

Curl

The spiraling, lustrous ringlets along the length of individual suri fibers which gives the coat a drenched look.

Dam

An alpaca's mother.

Density

The number of fibers in a specific area of an alpaca's body.

The fleece of the alpaca also known as wool or fur.

Fineness

The diameter in microns of individual alpaca fibers.

Fluffiness

See loft.

Genotype

The entire genetic constitution of the individual alpaca.

The way an alpaca fiber feels when touched; sometimes used interchangeably with "softness."

Herdsire

A male alpaca with genetic characteristics desirable for breeding.

Huacaya

A type of alpaca with crimped wool that resembles a teddy bear.

Hyperthermia

Body temperature elevated above the normal range.

Lama Pacos

The alpaca.

Live Birth

A portion of most alpaca purchase contracts involving a bred female, in which the seller guarantees that the cria, when born, will be alive and survive for a stated minimal amount of time, usually 48 hours.

The springiness in fiber as it returns to normal after being squeezed; sometimes used synonymously with fluffiness.

Parturition

The process of giving birth; also called birthing.

Pet Male

A male alpaca whose genetic characteristics are not considered desirable for breeding; usually gelded at 9-12 months of age.

Phenotype

The entire physical, biochemical, and physiological makeup of an individual alpaca, as determined both genetically and environmentally.

The best fleece an alpaca will ever produce, usually its first coat called Tui.

Rebreeding

A standard portion of bred female sales agreement in which the seller offers rebreeding (usually free) to his sire in the event that the cria does not survive long enough to satisfy the live birth clause in the contract. May also involve a free or reduced-fee rebreeding of the dam after the successful birth of the cria.

Registry

The Alpaca Registry was created in 1988 and is the central storage and retrieval center for all information on almost every alpaca in the United States. The Registry records and maintains data on pedigrees, blood typing, registry numbers, and other vital information on registered alpacas, and makes this data available upon request.

Shearing

The once-a-year harvesting of alpaca fibers usually carried out in mid-spring in order to make the alpaca cooler through the summer and allow the coat time to grow back before the cold of winter returns.

Sire

The alpaca's father-sometimes called "herdsire."

Softness

See handle.

Specialty Fibers

The fleece and fleece products of the goat and camel families, including mohair, cashmere, angora, alpaca, vicuna, guanaco, llama, and camels.

Style

See character.

Suri

An alpaca type, known for long "pencils" of non-crimped fiber resembling dreadlocks.

Tui

See prime fleece.

Topknot

See wool cap.

Unsoundness

Any condition that prevents a part of the body from functioning maximally.

Vicuna

A small (90 pounds) South American camelid with an extremely fine cinnamon and white coat; some consider the vicuna to be the direct ancestor of the alpaca.

Weanling

A weaned alpaca less than one year old.

Wool on the alpaca's head and between its ears which is considered a desirable aesthetic quality; also known as the topknot.

Yearling

An alpaca one to two years old.